Product

Jet Fuel A1

Jet Fuel A1 is a specialized type of kerosene designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It meets stringent international specifications, set by international aviation authorities, including the ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA). It is specifically formulated to provide optimal performance and safety for turbine engine-powered aircraft.

ensuring optimal performance and safety for aviation applications.

Primary Characteristics:
Appearance: Clear to straw-colored liquid.
Odor: Characteristic petroleum or kerosene odor.
Density: Typically, around 0.80 kg/l at 15� °C.
Flash Point: Minimum of 38�°C (100�°F).
Freezing Point: Maximum of -47�°C (-53�°F).

Applications:
Civil Aviation: Preferred fuel for commercial airlines and most civil aircraft.
Military: While some military aircraft use Jet Fuel A1, others might utilize specialized fuel blends.

Advantages:
Stability: Resistant to thermal breakdown, ensuring safe operations in high-temperature environments like jet engines.
Purity: Contains minimal contaminants, reducing the risk of engine deposits.
Low Freezing Point: Suitable for high-altitude flying where temperatures can be extremely cold.

JP54

JP54 is an abbreviation for “Jet Propulsion, A1, Colonial Grade 54″ During the refining process only 15% of the crude oil is made up of JP54 the rest of the grade is used for different types of plastic. Developed by JP Morgan, Colonial grade JP54 was replaced by AVGAS also known as AVGAS100LL, it’s the number one low Sulphur content kerosene used worldwide. It’s gasoline!

JP54 powers gas turbine aircraft engines. Jet A and A-1 have specifications that can be used in fuel worldwide. Jet B is used in cold weather elements. Commonly a few different mixtures make up jet fuel and this relates to flash points and how the carbon numbers are distributed.

Most jet fuel exported from Russia etc. is “JP54” or “Colonial JP54”. It is similar to “Jet A” except the the Specific Energy is 18.4 mj/kg compared to that of 42.8 mj/kg of “Jet A”.

all the jet fuels relate to additives to A1, which allows the plane not to leave a white tail in the sky showing where a plane has been. Jet fuel is kerosene, and not a distillate like Gasoil/ Diesel. In the refinery, it separates above gasolines and paraffins.

So, no airline will ever purchase “JP54”, there is no trading desk that will trade JP54, and you will find no oil company that sells “JP54”. They will sell Aviation fuel A1 enhanced to a variety of specifications, most usual, the Colonial Grade 54. There is no ticker on the commodity exchanges for “JP54” to allow you to see the market value of the product.

There is no special temperature considerations to consider. Remember that at 40,000 feet it is -46 Centigrade more or less regardless of where you are and the season. The only problem related to temperature is when you fill in a wet, hot climate, the air you take along in the same tanks contains a lot of water that condenses and forms spiking ice crystals that will destroy the jet turbine. The airlines will fix this with additives, usually fatty acids.

Military grade jet fuel is produced by the refineries and delivered directly since they will require special additives.

Diesel EN590 10ppm

Diesel EN590 10ppm is a high-quality automotive fuel that meets the European Union’s stringent standards for diesel fuel. It is specifically designed to provide efficient and reliable performance for modern diesel engines, ensuring optimal combustion and reduced emissions.

EN590 refers to the European standard for automotive diesel fuel. The “EN” stands for “European Norm” and “590” signifies the fuel’s specific properties and performance requirements. The “10ppm” indicates the maximum sulfur content in the fuel, which is incredibly low compared to traditional diesel fuels. This low sulfur content is crucial as it significantly reduces harmful emissions and helps protect the environment.

Diesel EN590 10ppm is widely used in various applications, including passenger vehicles, commercial trucks, agricultural machinery, and industrial equipment. It is compatible with a range of diesel engines, both old and new, making it a versatile choice for different vehicles and machinery.

Key Features and Benefits of Diesel EN590 10ppm:

1. Low Sulfur Content: With a maximum sulfur content of 10 parts per million (ppm), this diesel fuel significantly reduces emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2), a major contributor to air pollution and acid rain.

2. Improved Combustion: Diesel EN590 10ppm is formulated to provide excellent ignition characteristics and promote efficient combustion in diesel engines, resulting in enhanced fuel efficiency and reduced engine deposits.

3. Engine Protection: The fuel’s advanced detergent additives help keep fuel injectors, valves, and other engine components clean, preventing deposits that can negatively impact engine performance and longevity.

4. Environmental Friendliness: By meeting the strict Euro 5 and Euro 6 emission standards, Diesel EN590 10ppm contributes to reducing harmful exhaust emissions, such as particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), promoting cleaner air quality.

5. Cold Weather Performance: The fuel is designed to withstand low temperatures and prevent fuel gelling or waxing, ensuring reliable engine starting and smooth operation even in chilly environments.

6. Wide Compatibility: Diesel EN590 10ppm can be used in a broad range of diesel engines, including both older and modern high-performance engines, making it suitable for various vehicles and machinery.

Light Cycle Oil (LCO)

Light Cycle Oil (LCO) is a secondary liquid product derived from the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in refineries. This process breaks down larger hydrocarbon molecules from heavy gas oils into smaller, more valuable products like gasoline and diesel. LCO typically sits between diesel and heavy gas oil in terms of boiling range and weight.

Primary Characteristics:
Appearance: Typically amber to dark brown liquid.
Odor: Characteristic petroleum smell.
Density: Intermediate, falling between lighter distillates and heavier oils.
Sulfur Content: Can vary based on the feedstock and refining process, but often higher than diesel and gasoline.

Applications:
Blending Component: Frequently blended into diesel fuel to enhance volume, though this requires treating to meet emissions standards.
Feedstock: Used in hydrocracking and other refining processes to produce more valuable products, such as gasoline or diesel.
Industrial Burning: Some industries utilize LCO as a combustion fuel, though this is less common due to its higher sulfur content and potential emissions.

LNG

LNG stands for Liquefied Natural Gas, which is natural gas that has been cooled to a very low temperature (-162°C or -260°F) and condensed into a liquid state. The process of liquefaction reduces the volume of natural gas by around 600 times, making it easier and more cost-effective to transport and store, particularly over long distances.

Gross Calorific Value (GCV) KWh/Nm3 11.131-12.647
LNG Density Kg/m3 430-478
Molecular Weight Kg/Kmol 16.52 – 18.88
Methane % mol 85.0 min 97.0 max


LNG is odorless, colorless, and non-toxic. It is typically transported in specialized cryogenic tanker ships, and upon reaching its destination, it can be degasified back into its gaseous state for distribution through pipelines to consumers.

LNG is used for a variety of purposes, including heating and electricity generation in residential, commercial, and industrial settings, as well as fuel for transportation, particularly in heavy-duty vehicles like trucks, ships, and buses.

LPG

LPG stands for liquefied petroleum gas, also known as propane or butane. It is a flammable hydrocarbon gas that is commonly used as fuel for heating and cooking in homes, as well as for industrial applications, transportation, and agriculture.

LPG is a byproduct of crude oil refining and natural gas processing. It is a mixture of propane and butane gases, which are liquefied through pressurization and cooling. LPG is stored and transported in pressurized tanks and cylinders as a liquid, but when released into the atmosphere, it vaporizes into a gas.

Propane: 85% min. by liquid volume
Propylene: 5% max. by liquid volume
Butane & heavier HC: 2.5% max. by liquid volume
Sulfur: 120 ppm max. by weight

LPG is a versatile fuel that has many advantages over other fossil fuels. It is clean-burning and produces fewer emissions than gasoline or diesel, making it a more environmentally friendly fuel option. It is also highly efficient, as it has a high energy content per unit volume and can be easily transported and stored in liquid form.

LPG is widely used around the world, particularly in areas where natural gas pipelines are not available or where electricity is unreliable or expensive. It is commonly used in households for cooking and heating, and in vehicles as an alternative fuel to gasoline or diesel. LPG is also used in industrial applications such as manufacturing, agriculture, and chemical processing.